The composition of the colors and their use in the decoration of the various rooms in the third palace that King Herod built in Jericho in the first century BCE differ from what is customarily found at other Herodian sites. A stylistic comparison of these decorations with contemporary parallels in the country and in Italy shows that the artists that were employed in the service of Herod at Jericho adopted the decorative new trends of the Augustan period so as to establish the relationship between the rooms in the palace complex and create a hierarchal distinction between them, according to the status of the rooms. The results of the study suggest that beyond the building’s decorative plan there were other motives besides the aesthetic choices. Herod probably acted out of personal political considerations in selecting the building’s artistic plan and the decorations were most likely also politically significant.