One of the accepted theories in archaeological research attributes economic prosperity to the Kingdom of Judah that stemmed from the establishment of Pax Assyria. This perception stems from the assumption that the formation of a large and organized political framework that facilitates the movement of objects and goods throughout the empire will bring about an increase in the scope of imported products to Judah. Within the framework of the lecture I will examine to what extent Judah was indeed involved in the international commerce that existed in the Levant under the auspices of the Assyrian Empire beginning from the end of the 8th century BCE. A meticulous examination of the archaeological evidence shows that the international commerce in Judah finds expression in only two population groups. One group included the population residing in the Beer Sheva Valley that was exposed to imported products owing to its location along the trade route that passes southwest of the Philistine coast. The presence of objects that originated from Arabia, Edom or even Egypt in these sites is not related to the general economic system of the Kingdom of Judah; rather it is a direct by-product of the trade caravans that passed through the region. The second group, which was smaller in scope, included the upper class that purchased expensive imported products. The imported objects that were used by most of the residents of the Judah were relatively few and it seems that the increase in the scope of international commerce does not reflect the processes that transpired throughout the kingdom.